Skin as a Toxin Storage Organ in the Endemic New Guinean Genus Pitohui

نویسندگان

  • JOHN P. DUMBACHER
  • GOPINATHAN K. MENON
  • JOHN W. DALY
چکیده

Resumen.—Muchas especies de aves del género endémico de Nueva Guinea Pitohui contienen potentes toxinas defensivas, neurotoxinas alcaloides esferoidales de la familia de las batracotoxinas. Estudiamos las concentraciones de toxinas en varios tejidos de Pitohui dichrous empleando ensayos de unión de radioligandos. Las mayores concentraciones fueron encontradas en la piel y las plumas, en la parte externa de las aves, donde los depredadores o los parásitos tienen más probabilidad de encontrarse con las toxinas. También se encontraron niveles significativos de toxinas en el músculo esquelético, corazón e hígado. El músculo y el hígado serían normalmente intoxicados por las batracotoxinas; por ende, P. dichrous no debe ser sensible a éstas. La presencia de toxinas en los órganos internos es un argumento adicional en contra de la hipótesis de que P. dichrous simplemente aplica las toxinas tópicamente a la piel y las plumas. Finalmente, utilizamos microscopía electrónica de barrido y de transmisión para examinar la piel y las plumas en búsqueda de adaptaciones morfológicas o histológicas inusuales para almacenar y secretar toxinas. La piel de P. dichrous parece tener una morfología dérmica y epidérmica típica. Especulamos sobre los posibles modos en los cuales la especie puede secuestrar y secretar toxinas usando las características estructurales típicas de la piel aviar, únicas entre los vertebrados.

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تاریخ انتشار 2009